HYPERTENSION

Friends, in today's topic, we are going to talk about blood pressure, mainly blood pressure is of two types, one is high blood pressure (hypertension) and the other is low blood pressure (hypotension).

20 to 30 years ago, the number of blood pressure patients was very less, but due to the changing lifestyle you will now see that there are many blood pressure patients around you.

Let's talk about blood pressure as we all know that our heart pumps blood in our body.

When our heart pumps blood to different parts of the body, then the pressure on the blood arteries is called blood pressure. it is of two types,

• Systolic blood pressure
• Diastolic blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure:

In systolic blood pressure, when our heart beats, the blood in the heart reaches various parts of the body through the arteries. During this time, the pressure on the arteries is called systolic blood pressure.

Diastolic blood pressure:

Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure on the arteries between two heartbeats. In it, the heart refills with blood.

Normal value: 120/80 mmhg

120 is systolic pressure. 

80 is diastolic pressure.

When the pressure of the blood against arteries are too high its called hypertension or high blood pressure.

When the systolic blood pressure level is more than 120, it is called systolic hypertension or systolic high blood pressure.

and when the diastolic blood pressure level is more than 90, it is called diastolic hypertension or diastolic high blood pressure.

Types of  Hypertension:

1. Primary Hypertension.
2. Secondary Hypertension.

Primary Hypertension: Also known as essential hypertension, most of the people have essential hypertension. the actual cause of primary hypertension is unknown it develops over the time.

Secondary Hypertension: Also known as inessential hypertension, there are various cause responsible for secondary hypertension. such as renal disorder, heart disease, sleep apnea, endocrine disorder,side effect of medicine and alcohol consumption also responsible for hypertension .

Stage of  Hypertension	Systolic	Diastolic
Normal	120	80
Pre-hypertension	120-139	80   -89
Hypertension Stage 1	140-159	90-99
Hypertension Stage 2	above 160	above 100
Hypertensive crises	Above 180	above 100

Symptoms of High blood pressure:

• Headache.
• Nausea 
• Dizziness
• Nasal bleeding.
• Fatigue 
• Sweating.
• Blurred vision.
• Chest pain

Treatment:

• In primary hypertension you can control your B.P with changing life style, but if still your blood pressure not in control than you need to visit your physician. they may prescribe medicine for you.

• In secondary hypertension your doctor will find the cause and can prescribe you the medicine according to the cause.

There are several medicine available for hypertension:

you can call them ABCD

A- Ace inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptors blockers, Alpha 2 agonist,  

B- Beta blockers

C- Calcium channel blocker

D- Diuretics.

How to controle B.P at Home:

• Increase physical activity
• Increase fruits in diet
• Increase vegetables in diet
• Avoid spicy, salty, oily food products
• Maintain body weight.
• Take medicine regularly
• Reduce stress
• avoid alcohol consumption
• Avoid smoking
• Avoid coffee or tea.